The statement that animal behaviour can be too complex to be explained through simple instruct, means that it is too basic and simple to wide of the marky understand animal behaviour through the encyclopaedism theory of operant and classical conditioning, as there has been evidence to refute behaviourism, which concentrates on the links between stimuli and responses.
Firstly, simple conditioning approaches are reductionist beca do is simplifies complex things into their most basic separate for example, conditioning ignores the effect of any intervening factors such as cognitions. Kohler (1925) would argue that animal behaviour is too complex to be explained through simple conditioning, as his research showed that chimpanzees did not use trial and error to solve problems, but studied the status and illustrated the most appropriate response. They solved problems by using a mental representation of it, implying that cognitive factors are important in animal larn.
Also, Tolman and Honzik (1930) allowed one group of rats to wonder in a labyrinth with no reinforcement, whilst the other group of rats where in the maze with reinforcement.
They found that the reinforced group learnt to run to the mop up of the maze but the other group did not. Eleven days into the content the group of rats without reinforcement were given reinforcement, the results showed that this group learnt to reach the end quicker than the group of rats who were reinforced from the beginning. This provides evidence for latent learning in animals and portrays that operant conditioning fails to explain learning by imitation and observation and the latent learning of the maze.
Both Kohlers and Tolman et als, research can lack ecological hardihood because they were carried out in a lab and not in the natural environment of the rats and...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay
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